Cancer Screening Programmes
The national programmes testing people without symptoms to find cancer or pre-cancer early.
Last revised
Key takeaways
- Bowel screening, England: home FIT kit, from age 50, every 2 years
- Breast screening: women aged 50 to 71, every 3 years
- Most useful single change: Attend every programme you are invited to.
- Commonest mistake: Assuming screening replaces reporting symptoms.
- See a doctor if any of the signs under "When to get help" below apply to you.
Why it matters
Screening is offered only where the evidence shows benefit outweighs harm, which is why there are fewer programmes than people expect.
The numbers, in one place
| Measure | Figure |
|---|---|
| Bowel screening, England | home FIT kit, from age 50, every 2 years |
| Breast screening | women aged 50 to 71, every 3 years |
| Cervical screening | aged 25 to 64, primary HPV testing |
| Prostate | no national programme; PSA is not accurate enough alone |
| Key limitation | a normal result does not exclude disease |
What helps
- Attend every programme you are invited to
- Return the bowel kit; it takes minutes
- Rebook rather than ignoring a missed invitation
- Report symptoms separately from screening
What to avoid
- Assuming screening replaces reporting symptoms
- Waiting for the next invitation after missing one
- Assuming a normal result covers you until the next round
Where to go next
- What Cancer Screening Programmes Is, and Why It Matters
- Cancer Screening Programmes: The Practical To-Do List
- What the Guidance Really Says About Blood Pressure Checks
- The Evidence on Adult Vaccination, Without the Hype
When to get help
Report new symptoms to a GP even after a normal screening result. See a GP promptly for a breast lump or nipple change, bleeding between periods or after the menopause, a persistent change in bowel habit for three weeks or more, blood in stool or urine, or unexplained weight loss.
Where this comes from
- NHS — NHS screening programmes
- UK National Screening Committee — recommendations
How this page was put together
Every figure, recommendation and warning above is taken from the guidance named in Where this comes from. Nothing on this page is inferred, summarised or generalised beyond what those bodies publish: where they give a number, it is their number, and where they are silent, so are we. Pages are rebuilt whenever the underlying record changes. Sign-off by a named clinician, where it has happened, is shown at the top of the page along with the date.
Medical disclaimer
This article is general information, not medical advice. It cannot account for your own history, medication or circumstances. Always speak to a GP, pharmacist or another qualified health professional before making changes that affect your treatment, and never delay seeking medical advice because of something you have read here. In an emergency, call 999.