Ear Wax: What To Do
Naturally produced wax that occasionally builds up enough to block the canal.
Last revised
It is the commonest reversible cause of reduced hearing, and the commonest self-treatment makes it worse.
Key takeaways
- Normal: wax is protective and usually clears itself
- First-line: olive oil or sodium bicarbonate drops for several days
- Most useful single change: Use drops for several days before considering removal.
- Commonest mistake: Cotton buds or any object in the ear canal.
- See a doctor if any of the signs under "When to get help" below apply to you.
Do
- Use drops for several days before considering removal
- Ask about local availability; NHS removal varies by area
- Let the ear clean itself the rest of the time
Do not
- Cotton buds or any object in the ear canal
- Ear candles, which do not work and cause burns
- Drops if you have a perforated eardrum or grommets
The figures behind the list
Each item above follows from these, published in the guidance named at the foot of the page.
| Measure | Figure |
|---|---|
| Normal | wax is protective and usually clears itself |
| First-line | olive oil or sodium bicarbonate drops for several days |
| Removal | irrigation or microsuction, where drops fail |
| Cotton buds | push wax deeper and risk perforation |
Where to go next
- Why Ear Wax Matters, Explained Simply
- The Ear Wax Checklist: What to Do and What to Skip
- Ear Wax — the reference entry
- What the Guidance Really Says About Protecting Your Hearing
- Hearing Aids: What the Evidence Actually Says
When to get help
See a GP for ear pain, discharge, bleeding, sudden hearing loss, or dizziness rather than treating for wax. Do not use drops if you have or may have a perforated eardrum. Sudden hearing loss needs same-day assessment.
Where this comes from
How this page was put together
Every figure, recommendation and warning above is taken from the guidance named in Where this comes from. Nothing on this page is inferred, summarised or generalised beyond what those bodies publish: where they give a number, it is their number, and where they are silent, so are we. Pages are rebuilt whenever the underlying record changes. Sign-off by a named clinician, where it has happened, is shown at the top of the page along with the date.
Medical disclaimer
This article is general information, not medical advice. It cannot account for your own history, medication or circumstances. Always speak to a GP, pharmacist or another qualified health professional before making changes that affect your treatment, and never delay seeking medical advice because of something you have read here. In an emergency, call 999.