Immunosuppression and Vaccines: What To Do
How vaccination changes for people whose immune systems are suppressed.
Last revised
Live vaccines can be dangerous in this group, and inactivated vaccines matter more than ever because infection risk is higher.
Key takeaways
- Live vaccines: generally contraindicated in significant immunosuppression
- Inactivated vaccines: safe, though the response may be reduced
- Most useful single change: Plan vaccinations before starting immunosuppressive treatment where possible.
- Commonest mistake: Live vaccines, including some travel vaccines, without specialist advice.
- See a doctor if any of the signs under "When to get help" below apply to you.
Do
- Plan vaccinations before starting immunosuppressive treatment where possible
- Make sure household members are vaccinated
- Carry documentation of your condition and treatment
Do not
- Live vaccines, including some travel vaccines, without specialist advice
- Assuming a normal schedule applies to you
The figures behind the list
Each item above follows from these, published in the guidance named at the foot of the page.
| Measure | Figure |
|---|---|
| Live vaccines | generally contraindicated in significant immunosuppression |
| Inactivated vaccines | safe, though the response may be reduced |
| Household contacts | should be vaccinated to protect the person |
| Timing | ideally before immunosuppressive treatment starts |
Where to go next
- The Short Guide to Immunosuppression and Vaccines
- Immunosuppression and Vaccines: What Published Guidance Supports
- Immunosuppression and Vaccines — the reference entry
- The Evidence on How Vaccines Work, Without the Hype
- The Childhood Schedule: What the Evidence Actually Says
When to get help
Seek urgent medical help for any fever if you are immunosuppressed, particularly during chemotherapy — neutropenic sepsis is a medical emergency. Contact your specialist team before any vaccination, and seek advice urgently after contact with chickenpox or measles.
Where this comes from
- UK Health Security Agency — immunosuppression and vaccination
- NICE — Neutropenic sepsis
How this page was put together
Every figure, recommendation and warning above is taken from the guidance named in Where this comes from. Nothing on this page is inferred, summarised or generalised beyond what those bodies publish: where they give a number, it is their number, and where they are silent, so are we. Pages are rebuilt whenever the underlying record changes. Sign-off by a named clinician, where it has happened, is shown at the top of the page along with the date.
Medical disclaimer
This article is general information, not medical advice. It cannot account for your own history, medication or circumstances. Always speak to a GP, pharmacist or another qualified health professional before making changes that affect your treatment, and never delay seeking medical advice because of something you have read here. In an emergency, call 999.