Anticoagulants: What To Do
Medicines that reduce the blood's ability to clot, used to prevent and treat thrombosis.
Last revised
They substantially reduce stroke and clot risk, and the bleeding risk they carry needs specific practical management.
Key takeaways
- Types: warfarin, and direct oral anticoagulants such as apixaban and rivaroxaban
- Warfarin: needs regular INR monitoring; DOACs generally do not
- Most useful single change: Carry an anticoagulant alert card.
- Commonest mistake: NSAIDs such as ibuprofen without advice.
- See a doctor if any of the signs under "When to get help" below apply to you.
Do
- Carry an anticoagulant alert card
- Tell every dentist, pharmacist and clinician before any procedure
- Keep vitamin K intake consistent if you take warfarin
- Use paracetamol rather than NSAIDs for pain relief
Do not
- NSAIDs such as ibuprofen without advice
- Missing doses, particularly with direct oral anticoagulants
- Starting new medicines or supplements without checking interactions
The figures behind the list
Each item above follows from these, published in the guidance named at the foot of the page.
| Measure | Figure |
|---|---|
| Types | warfarin, and direct oral anticoagulants such as apixaban and rivaroxaban |
| Warfarin | needs regular INR monitoring; DOACs generally do not |
| Warfarin and vitamin K | keep leafy green intake consistent, not absent |
| NSAIDs | increase bleeding risk substantially |
| Alert card | carry one at all times |
Where to go next
- Anticoagulants: What Published Guidance Supports
- Why Anticoagulants Matters, Explained Simply
- Anticoagulants — the reference entry
- Blood Donation: Sorting the Evidence From the Noise
- What the Guidance Really Says About Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia
When to get help
Seek urgent medical assessment after any head injury while taking anticoagulants, even if you feel well and there is no visible injury. Call 999 for vomiting blood, black tarry stools, severe headache, sudden weakness on one side, or bleeding that will not stop after 10 minutes of firm pressure.
Where this comes from
How this page was put together
Every figure, recommendation and warning above is taken from the guidance named in Where this comes from. Nothing on this page is inferred, summarised or generalised beyond what those bodies publish: where they give a number, it is their number, and where they are silent, so are we. Pages are rebuilt whenever the underlying record changes. Sign-off by a named clinician, where it has happened, is shown at the top of the page along with the date.
Medical disclaimer
This article is general information, not medical advice. It cannot account for your own history, medication or circumstances. Always speak to a GP, pharmacist or another qualified health professional before making changes that affect your treatment, and never delay seeking medical advice because of something you have read here. In an emergency, call 999.